What's the Difference between MAKE and DO?

Make = planning, production, construction, fabrication       

Do - performing a task, an action, a job

Take a look at this list of collocations:

MAKE	DO
make breakfast/lunch/dinner make a sandwich make a reservation make money make a profit make a fortune make $_______ make friends make a phone call make a joke make a point make a complaint make a speech make a suggestion make an excuse make a promise make an observation make plans make a decision/choice make a mistake make progress make a list make a difference make an exception	do the housework. do the laundry do the dishes do the shopping            do work do homework do business do a good/great/terrible job do a report do a course do homework do your hair  do your nails  do exercise do anything/ something/ do everything/nothing do well do badly do good do the right thing do your best   *make someone’s bed

Time to Practice! 

Exercise 1 - Make or Do ?

Exercise 2 - Make or Do?

Exercise 3 - Make or Do?

Exercise 4 - Make or Do?

Exercise 5 - Make or Do?

Exercise 6 - Make or Do?

MODAL VERB - MUSTN'T

    You MUSTN'T USE your cell phone 

in the waiting room 

Modal Verbs: MUST - HAVE TO - SHOULD

MUST  

Official Rule	Moral Duty	Internal Obligation
Parents must provide food, clothing, shelter, and basic care.	People must look after elders.	I must change my car.

HAVE TO / HAS TO  

Necessity	External Obligation
She has to finish college.	The doctor said I have to stop smoking.

SHOULD

Advice	Recommendation
You should call your bother, it's his birthday.	You should study English.

Complete the exercises: 

1. In order to travel abroad you _________ have a valid passport

2. _________ I take a jacket, mom?

3. My boss said I ________ to deliver the project next week.

4. My boss said I ________ deliver the project asap.

5. In the US you ________ be 21 to drink alcohol. 

6. That restaurant is always full, so I think you _______ call and book a table before going.

7. When visiting a mosque, women ________ wear a scarf on their heads. 

8. Jason _______ to be in the airport 3 hours before his flight to Canada.

9. They _______ pay me back. After all, I've lent them $2000.

10. You _________come over and stay a couple of weeks. 

This is the local pool regulation sign. According to the sign, is the sentence T- true or F - false? 

1. You must have a swimming suit on (  )

2. You have to swim alone (  )

3. You should go to the pool after 8:30 (  )

4. You must leave the pool after 10:00pm (  )

5. You have to play nicely (  )

6. You should smoke in the pool (  )

7. You have to eat outside the pool (  )

8. You have to leave your hair loose in the pool (  ) 

9. You must jump into the pool (  )

10. You must clean your trash (  )

11. Dogs should stay home when you go to this pool (  )

12. Children have to be with their parents (  )

13. You must use the bathroom if you want to go number 1 (  )

Valentine's Day - February 14th or June 12th ?

A romantic date celebrated the world over. A boom time for business in any capital city. Sales of cards, chocolates, flowers, teddy bears and restaurant bookings increase significantly at this time of year. 

However, this date represents a number of different stories and meanings. Valentine’s Day, known in Brazil as the Dia dos namorados (Sweetheart’s Day), was originally celebrated on the day of St. Valentine. 

The history behind the date is a source of some debate, but it is believed that Valentine was a Bishop who carried out secret weddings in the Roman Empire (given that Emperor Claudius II had prohibited marriage), believing that unattached young men would be more likely to enlist for military service. Valentine was exposed, arrested and condemned to death, but whilst imprisoned and awaiting sentencing he began to receive cards from many young people, saying that they still believed in love. 

Valentine was executed on 14 February 270 AD. Pope Gelasius canonized him as Saint Valentine and announced 14 February as his sacred day. The romantic link can be traced in a number of ways, but perhaps the most credible dates back to the Middle Ages and Geoffrey Chaucer, the father of English Literature. In one of his poems, Chaucer cites the following phrase: “For this was on Saint Valentine’s Day when every bird come there to choose his mate”. 

The poem’s, written in homage to King Richard II of England and his future wife Anne of Bohemia in 1382, was so successful that it quickly gained popularity amongst couples, who considered it full of romantic connotation.

By the mid-15th century, the date was already established and commemorated by lovers presenting each other with flowers, chocolates and cards. Nowadays, in England alone, around £500 million is spent on Valentine’s Day.

In Brazil, Valentine’s Day is on 12 June, one day before that of Saint Anthony, the famous saint of “matchmaking”. The date was likely chosen for commercial reasons, as businesses felt the need for a public holiday during the month of June, which was when the publicist João Agripino Doria, father of the former mayor of São Paulo and current São Paulo State Governor, João Doria Jr., inspired by the success of Valentine’s Day overseas, adapted the celebration for the Brazilian market. 

Even though the day’s origins are perhaps not as enchanting as in other places, Brazil loves the Dia dos Namorados; at the end of the day, who doesn’t? If you’re single, don’t feel left out; take the chance to show how much you care about the people who matter in your life. In spite of all the commercialization, we can’t forget the essence of Valentine’s Day – a celebration of love.

Match the number to the best synonym possible:

1. a boom time                                                              a)  yet

2. increase significantly                                                b)  that

3. However                                                                   c)  dare

4. a number of                                                              d)  a tribute to

5. who                                                                          e)  at the same time

6. be more likely to                                                       f)  unattractive

7. whilst                                                                        g) at this moment

8. cites                                                                          h) mentions

9. in homage to                                                             i)  high growth

10. nowadays                                                                j)  because

11. as                                                                            k)  a certain amount of

12. Even though                                                            l)  prone to

13. not as enchanting as                                               m) but

14. take the chance to                                                   n) excellent period 

Source of Text: BBMAG BOSSA BRAZIL MAGAZINE ON 12 JUNE 2020

  CALVIN and HOBBES - 

Improve Your Vocab!

I'll bet - in reply to a statement to show that you agree with it or that you expected it to be true, usually when you are annoyed or amused by it. [informal, spoken, feelings]. Synonyms: I agree(d). For example, We are out of power, I'll bet Frank's forgotten to pay the bill.

Stupid - In this case it is foolish, not important, dull, senseless. For example, I forgot to pay that stupid bill! That's why we're out of power. 

Simple Future - WILL

Use of will Future

• a spontaneous decision
  Wait, I will help you.
• an opinion, hope, uncertainty or assumption regarding the future
  He will probably come back tomorrow.
• a promise
  I will stop eating fast food!
  
  
  
  
  

Immediate Future - TO BE GOING TO

USE

• an action in the near future that has already been planned or prepared
  example: I am going to apply for a new job. I'm not happy where I am right now.
• a conclusion regarding the immediate future based on present evidence
  example: The sky is absolutely blue! It is going to be a lovely day.

Signal Words

• in, tomorrow, next

 GONNA instead of GOING TO

People may use to be gonna instead of to be going to, usually in an informal speech. Read the sentences below extracted from Jamie Cullum's song - Next Year Baby

example:           Gonna read more books = I am going to read more books.

                               Gonna keep up with the news = I am going to keep up with the news                               Gonna learn how to cook = I am going to learn how to cook

   Listen to the Song !  

Next yearThings are gonna changeGonna drink less beerAnd start all over again

Gonna read more booksGonna keep up with the newsGonna learn how to cookAnd spend less money on shoes

Gonna pay my bills on timeFile my mail away, everydayOnly drink the finest wineAnd call my gran every Sunday

Well resolutionsWell baby they come and goWill I do any of these things?The answer's probably no

But if there's one thing, I must doDespite my greatest fearsI'm gonna say to youHow I've felt all of these years

Next yearNext year

I'm gonna tell you how I feelI'm gonna tell you how I feel

Well, resolutionsBaby they come and goWill I do any of these things?The answer's probably no

But if there's one thing, I must doDespite my greatest fearsI'm gonna say to youHow I've felt all of these years